How To Set Up Windows For Less Tech-savvy Family Members

In this list, I'll give some suggestions on how to set up Windows for your less technically experienced family members. The goals are that it should be functional (i.e. not require debugging due to going overboard with modifications, like when installing browser extensions), safe, and privacy friendly.

Tim_B
Tim_BList by Tim_B, last updated 
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  1. The Basics

    If you have a lot of bloatware on your Windows installation courtesy of the computer manufacturer, do a clean reinstall of Windows. You can find the license key that your computer uses using a tool like https://alternativeto.net/software/produkey/ . Once you have a clean Windows installation, create a local admin account and a local normal user account. Using the non-admin account for everything and only using the admin account to authorize software that needs admin privileges to run on the normal user account will protect the computer from 94% of critical Windows vulnerabilities. It does however not protect against crypto-miners like https://alternativeto.net/software/coinhive/ in my experience. We'll counter that later on. One problem with this account setup is that Microsoft has started demanding admin accounts to run Windows Update and even to just get notified of new updates, so Windows Updates has to be run when logged into the admin account. Tweak the privacy settings so that you're sharing the bare minimum of data with Microsoft while still keeping the OS functional. Install Windows Updates and when that is done, create a system restore point so that you can go back to this clean state if needed.

  2. Now that we have the basics set up, it's time to get rid of most of Microsoft's spyware, because we're not giving them Grandma's secret cookie recipies! DisableWinTracking will disable Windows tracking services. Just disable them; don't delete them in case they end up blocking more than the user would have liked. Personally, I have not noticed any problems caused by this software, and because it can easily restore back to the default state, it's pretty harmless.

    Cost / License

    • Free
    • Open Source

    Platforms

    • Windows
    DisableWinTracking screenshot 1
  3. Unchecky icon
     Like

    Unchecky will automatically deselect adware from software installations. Installing this will make sure that the user won't get a bonus "system optimizer" or other junk when installing software.

    Cost / License

    • Free
    • Proprietary

    Application type

    Platforms

    • Windows
    Unchecky screenshot 1
    Unchecky screenshot 1
    26 languages
  4. SysHardener will, well, harden your Windows installation to protect it from threats like malware. Similar software like Hardentools icon Hardentools and Hard_Configurator icon Hard_Configurator offer very similar functionality, so if you feel like one of their feature sets fits you better, then go for that one instead. Just make sure that it's easy to restore system settings back to the defaults using the software you choose and that you have some understanding of what changes the selected settings in the software has on your system. Hard_Configurator's interface is a bit complicated, so I'd probably go with SysHardener or hardentools, which are more user-friendly. There's also SBGuard Anti-Ransomware icon SBGuard Anti-Ransomware, but that software doesn't have all the features that the previously mentioned software have.

    Cost / License

    • Freemium
    • Proprietary

    Platforms

    • Windows
    SysHardener screenshot 1
    SysHardener screenshot 1
    SysHardener screenshot 2
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    SysHardener screenshot 3
  5. OSArmor icon
     Like

    OSArmor will monitor the processes on the computer and block suspicious processes. There is other software - which you can find via OSArmor's AlternativeTo page - which is more in-depth and offers more protection, but they are harder to administrate and not as much of a discrete and "set and forget" software as OSArmor.

    Cost / License

    • Paid
    • Proprietary

    Application type

    Platforms

    • Windows
    OSArmor screenshot 1
    OSArmor screenshot 1
    OSArmor screenshot 2
  6. Avira Free Antivirus offers good protection for free; however, it has a daily pop-up to get you to upgrade. There used to be a workaround using a software called BgPKiller which blocked the pop-ups, but it seems like some pop-ups are slipping through now. It's really not that bad though: you can close it with one click. There's also paid options like Avira Antivirus Pro and Avira Internet Security icon Avira Internet Security which include a built-in firewall (the main difference between Avira Antivirus Pro and Avira Internet Security is that Avira Internet Security includes a software and driver updater and a vulnerability patcher). When you have Avira installed you should uninstall the pretty useless Avira Browser Safety extension.

    You can check stats from lab tests between different antivirus software on FatSecurity.com icon FatSecurity.com. If you're wondering why I didn't mention Kaspersky, it's because there are some pretty serious security and privacy concerns. As for why I didn't mention Bitdefender, in my own and many others' experience it's a mess performance-wise and too buggy for me to recommend to anyone.

    Cost / License

    • Freemium
    • Proprietary

    Platforms

    • Mac
    • Windows
    Avira Antivirus screenshot 1
    Avira Antivirus screenshot 1
    Avira Antivirus screenshot 2
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    Avira Antivirus screenshot 3
  7. In addition of being a firewall, Comodo Free Firewall also offers HIPS (Host Intrusion Prevention System) and sandboxing, making it the most secure option of the free firewalls that I know of. Comodo Free Firewall will change your default home page and search engine, so make sure to disable that setting on the first screen of the installer.

    If you have Avira Antivirus Pro or Avira Internet Security you don't need Comodo Free Firewall since the paid versions of Avira already have a firewall included in them.

    Cost / License

    • Free
    • Proprietary

    Application types

    Platforms

    • Windows
    A security popup is one of the most commonly seen user interface components of this app and its main purpose.
    Main window in basic view
    Main window in advanced view
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    Main window in basic view, with the Manage Protection dashboard exposed
  8. I recommend Firefox above Chrome because it's open source and easier to customize thanks to its about:config. Speaking of about:config, start by setting network.IDN_show_punycode from false to true. This will make phishing attempts using unicode domain names that look identical to the original detectable to the human eye. If you decide to go with Chrome, there is currently no known way of fixing this. Like I said, Firefox is a lot easier to customize. Firefox is also more or less equal to Chrome when it comes to performance and speed since Firefox entered the WebExtensions era.

    The add-ons listed below are those security and privacy add-ons that you can just "set and forget" without having them cause too many website breakages. That is not a 100% guarantee, as there will always be trade-offs between convenience and security/privacy, but they're stable enough to not have to worry about it. Just make sure that there's a backup browser on the system in case uBlock Origin blocks too much of a website or any of the other add-ons causes website breakages.

    Cost / License

    • Free
    • Open Source

    Platforms

    • Mac
    • Windows
    • Linux
    • Android
    • iPhone
    • Android Tablet
    • BSD
    • iPad
    • AppImageHub
    • Snapcraft
    • Flathub
    • Samsung Galaxy Store
    • PortableApps.com
    • Haiku
    • Flatpak
    • Homebrew
    • Chocolatey
    • Gecko
    Firefox Desktop (Light Theme)
    Firefox Desktop (Dark Theme)
    Firefox iOS (Light Theme)
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    Firefox iOS (Dark Theme)
  9. Using uBlock Origin in combination with the FilterLists icon FilterLists website, you will be able to block malware (including crypto-miners), ads, tracking, and even credit card skimming scripts. The surfing will be much safer since malware infested ads, also known as malvertising, is the source of 80% of malware infections. It will also be faster and use less data (up to 30% less on some sites) and also less battery power.

    Cost / License

    • Free
    • Open Source

    Application types

    Platforms

    • Microsoft Edge
    • Vivaldi
    • Google Chrome
    • Pale Moon
    • Thunderbird
    • Opera
    • Node.JS
    • Chromium
    • Mozilla Firefox
    uBlock Origin screenshot 1
    uBlock Origin screenshot 1
  10. Download Virus Checker will upload all downloaded binary files to VirusTotal icon VirusTotal where it will be analyzed by 68 different anti-virus engines. By default, the uploaded file has to get hits from three of the anti-virus engines in order for the user to be notified, so I recommend setting the threshold to one instead in order to protect from newer, less detected threats.

    Cost / License

    • Free
    • Open Source

    Application type

    Platforms

    • Mac
    • Windows
    • Linux
    • Google Chrome
    • Opera
    • Firefox
    Download Virus Checker screenshot 1
    Download Virus Checker screenshot 1
  11. HTTPS Everywhere is an add-on developed by the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) and The Tor Project that will enforce SSL encryption on larger (and some smaller) sites that entirely or partially support SSL. This will help the user's data stay encrypted while in transit, assuming that the website supports SSL and has had a HTTPS Everywhere ruleset written for it. Tor Browser icon Tor Browser uses HTTPS Everywhere as an integral part.

    Cost / License

    • Free
    • Open Source

    Application type

    Platforms

    • Online
    • Vivaldi Browser
    • Google Chrome
    • Yandex.Browser
    • Opera
    • Chromium
    • Firefox
    HTTPS Everywhere screenshot 1
    HTTPS Everywhere screenshot 1
    HTTPS Everywhere screenshot 2
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    HTTPS Everywhere screenshot 3
  12. Decentraleyes prevents tracking from major content delivery networks by blocking requests to those CDNs and replacing the files with local files to keep sites from breaking.

    Cost / License

    • Free
    • Open Source

    Application type

    Platforms

    • Mac
    • Windows
    • Linux
    • Android
    • Android Tablet
    • Google Chrome
    • Pale Moon
    • Opera
    • Chromium
    • Mozilla Firefox
    Decentraleyes screenshot 1
    Decentraleyes screenshot 1
  13. Cookie AutoDelete is an add-on that automatically clears a site's cookies after the site has been closed, which helps prevent user tracking via tracking cookies. Go to the settings and deselect "Show Notification After Cookie Cleanup" or the add-on will annoy pretty much anyone and everyone using it.

    Cost / License

    • Free
    • Open Source

    Application type

    Platforms

    • Mac
    • Windows
    • Linux
    • Android
    • iPhone
    • Android Tablet
    • iPad
    • Google Chrome
    • Tor Browser Bundle
    • Chromium
    • Firefox
    Toolbar. Version 2.
    Export cookie expressions white list. Version 2.
    Settings. Version 2.
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    Optional notifications. Version 2.
  14. Privacy Settings has two different modes of browser settings that improves the user's privacy: "Full Privacy" and "Enhanced Privacy". Set it to the "Enhanced Privacy" mode in order to ensure full compatibility and functionality with websites. Privacy Settings also has a "Reset to Defaults" button, which makes it easy to undo any changes.

    Cost / License

    • Free
    • Open Source

    Platforms

    • Mac
    • Windows
    • Linux
    • Android
    • iPhone
    • Android Tablet
    • BSD
    • iPad
    • Haiku
    • Firefox
    Privacy Settings screenshot 1
    Privacy Settings screenshot 1
  15. Google search link fix will clean the URLs of Google and Yandex search results, giving the user tracking free direct links instead of annoying and privacy invasive redirect links.

    Cost / License

    • Free
    • Open Source

    Application type

    Platforms

    • Mac
    • Windows
    • Linux
    • Android
    • iPhone
    • Chrome OS
    • Android Tablet
    • BSD
    • iPad
    • Google Chrome
    • Haiku
    • Opera
    • Firefox
    Google search link fix screenshot 1
    Google search link fix screenshot 1
  16. Link Cleaner will remove tracking parameters from links. It also skips redirect pages on Facebook, Reddit, and Steam.

    Cost / License

    • Free
    • Open Source

    Platforms

    • Online
    • Firefox
  17. CanvasBlocker blocks a fingerprinting technique known as canvas fingerprinting. The default "fake readout API" setting is the best option as it prevents tracking while ensuring compatibility and functionality.

    Cost / License

    • Free
    • Open Source

    Platforms

    • Mac
    • Windows
    • Linux
    • Mozilla Firefox
    CanvasBlocker screenshot 1
    CanvasBlocker screenshot 1
  18. Backups

    Suggest to the user of the computer that they keep backups of their important data. USBs can be enough if they don't have much data to back up, otherwise an external hard drive should do the job. 1.5TB hard drives, 3TB hard drives, and any hard drive with Helium in it (i.e. hard drives that are larger than 6TB) are more likely to fail than other hard drives. This applies to HDDs and not SSDs, which are much more reliable regardless of size. Personally I'd stay away from Seagate, since they have a bit of a rocky history with hard drive reliability. When it comes to SSDs especially Samsung and also Intel are the kings of SSD reliability. There are external hard drives that have rugged rubber bumpers around the case and some are even waterproof, so those are extra secure, but obviously cost more than regular external hard drives. There are also waterproof USBs. A good idea is to keep at least one backup in another location than where the computer is in case of house fire, floods, or other disasters.

Comments

alterkerbb
2

Thank you for the suggestion, but there is some outdated information. "If you decide to go with Chrome, there is currently no known way of fixing this." The post of this situation was published at April, 2017. So you know what I'm saying.

Gu