Java is described as 'General-purpose computer programming language that is concurrent, class-based, object-oriented, and specifically designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible' and is a leading programming language in the development category. There are more than 50 alternatives to Java for a variety of platforms, including Linux, Windows, Mac, BSD and Web-based apps. The best Java alternative is Python, which is both free and Open Source. Other great apps like Java are JavaScript, C#, C++ and Rust.
Mojo is a specialized artificial intelligence (AI) programming language developed by Modular Inc. First released in May 2023, it is designed to become a superset of Python, with the performance of C.
United States
Smalltalk is an object-oriented programming (OOP) language. It is objects all the way down. Smalltalk’s purity and clarity in this regard made it the archetype for nearly all other OOP languages.
Temper is a programming language and toolchain for making libraries that can be used natively from any other language.
Tcl (Tool Command Language) is a very powerful but easy to learn dynamic programming language, suitable for a very wide range of uses.
Vala is a new programming language that aims to bring modern programming language features to GNOME developers without imposing any additional runtime requirements and without using a different ABI compared to applications and libraries written in C.
Unison is a statically-typed functional language with type inference, an effect system, and advanced tooling. It is based around a big idea of content-addressed code, in which function are identified by a hash of their implementation rather than by name, and code is stored as...
The X10 programming language is organized around four basic principles of asynchrony, locality, atomicity, and order that are developed on a type-safe, class-based, object-oriented foundation. This foundation is robust enough to support fine-grained concurrency, Cilk-style...
Object Pascal is a multi-paradigm, object-oriented, component-based general purpose programming language.
Wolfram Language is a symbolic language, deliberately designed with the breadth and unity needed to develop powerful programs quickly. By integrating high-level forms—like Image, GeoPolygon or Molecule—along with advanced superfunctions—such as ImageIdentify or...
HolyC is very similar to regular C, so it's a very simple but powerful language. It was used to make all of TempleOS, so it definitely works to make programs.
United States
Pony is an open-source, object-oriented, actor-model, capabilities-secure, high-performance programming language.
The Odin programming language is fast, concise, readable, pragmatic and open sourced. It is designed with the intent of replacing C with the following goals:
Switzerland
