Python 78 alternatives | Website
Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented, extensible programming language. It provides an extraordinary combination of clarity and versatility, and is free and comprehensively ported.

Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented, extensible programming language. It provides an extraordinary combination of clarity and versatility, and is free and comprehensively ported.
If you already know Javascript, here are the tools you will need to bring it to the back-end! Listed here are the following: languages/platform, Integrated Development Environment, Package Manager, Testing Frameworks, and backend website framework, in that order.
JavaScript (sometimes shortened to JS) is a lightweight, interpreted, object-oriented language with first-class functions, most known as the scripting language for Web pages, but also used in many non-browser environments. JavaScript was formalized in the ECMAScript language standard.
Node.js is a platform built on Chrome's JavaScript runtime for easily building fast, scalable network applications.
Node.js uses an event-driven, non-blocking I/O model that makes it lightweight and efficient, perfect for data-intensive real-time applications that run across distributed devices.
JetBrains WebStorm is a commercial IDE for JavaScript, CSS & HTML built on JetBrains' IntelliJ IDEA platform.
WebStorm provides automatic code completion, on-the-fly code analysis, refactoring support and VCS integration.
npm is a package manager for Node.js that is run through the command line and manages dependencies for an application. It is the predominant package manager for Node.js.
Jasmine is an open source testing framework for JavaScript. It aims to run on any JavaScript-enabled platform, to not intrude on the application nor the IDE, and to have easy-to-read syntax.
Mocha is a feature-rich JavaScript test framework running on node.js and the browser, making asynchronous testing simple and fun. Mocha tests run serially, allowing for flexible and accurate reporting, while mapping uncaught exceptions to the correct test cases.
Fast, unopinionated, minimalist web framework for Node.js
Express is a project of the Node.js Foundation
Source code : https://github.com/expressjs/expressjs.com
If you are interested in learning Python or know it already, here are the tools you will need to bring it to the back-end! Listed here are the following: languages/platform, Integrated Development Environment, Package Manager, and backend website framework, in that order. Note that testing frameworks "UnitTest" and "PyTest" are available (but don't have entries on this site) and are not specific to web development.
Cross-platform Python and Django IDE with on-the-fly code analysis and code quality tools, graphical debugger, VCS integration and more.
Django is a high-level Python Web framework that encourages rapid development and clean, pragmatic design.
If you are old school and going with the tried and true PHP, here are the tools you will need to build your back-end! Listed here are the following: languages/platform, Integrated Development Environment, Package Manager, Testing Framework, and backend website framework, in that order.
PHP is a widely-used general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for Web development and can be embedded into HTML.
Enjoy productive PHP and web development with PhpStorm.
Take advantage of deep code understanding, top-notch coding assistance, and support for all major tools and frameworks.
Composer is a package manager not in the same sense as Yum or Apt are. Yes, it deals with "packages" or libraries, but it manages them on a per-project basis, installing them in a directory (e.g. vendor) inside your project. By default, it does not install anything globally. Thus, it is a dependency manager. It does however support a "global" project for convenience via the global command.
This idea is not new and Composer is strongly inspired by node's npm and ruby's bundler.
Codeception is a new full-stack testing PHP framework. It provides you absolutely new original way for writing acceptance, functional and unit tests.
Sample Codeception test may look like this.
<?php
$I = new WebGuy($scenario);
$I->wantTo('create new blog post');
$I->amOnPage('/blog/posts');
$I->click('Create new post');
$I->fillField('Title','Codeception, a new way of testing!');
$I->fillField('Text','Codeception is new PHP full-stack testing framework.');
$I->click('Send');
$I->see('Congratulations, your post is successfully created!');
?>
It's very easy to read, easy to write and execute in a web browser or browser emulator.
Laravel is a clean and classy PHP framework with minimal configuration and expressive syntax. RESTful routing; ORM; beautiful code.
If you are looking for a type-safe language for the backend that is compiled, super-fast, and optimized for web development, there is no better language to go with than Go! Developed by Google, a group of folks who know a thing or two about web technologies.
Go is an open source programming language that makes it easy to build simple, reliable, and efficient software.
Coding assistance
The IDE analyzes your code, looking for connections between symbols, to provide code completion, quick navigation, clever error analysis, formatting, and refactorings.
Ergonomic design
Together, powerful static code analysis and ergonomic design make development not only productive but also an enjoyable experience.
Integrated tools
Mission-critical tools such as rest-runner, coverage tool, full-featured debugger and version control integration are at hand — no plugin hustle included.
IntelliJ plugin ecosystem
In case you need anything in addition to the already rich set of built-in tools, the IntelliJ plugin ecosystem is there to help you.
A Go web development eco-system. For go web developers, to make their life easier.
I've included each database system and the associated admin tool following it. The only exception is MariaDB and MySQL, both of which can be administered using the same tool.
PostgreSQL is a powerful, open source object-relational database system. It has more than 15 years of active development and a proven architecture that has earned it a strong reputation for reliability, data integrity, and correctness. It runs on all major operating systems, including Linux, UNIX (AIX, BSD, HP-UX, SGI IRIX, Mac OS X, Solaris, Tru64), and Windows. It is fully ACID compliant, has full support for foreign keys, joins, views, triggers, and stored procedures (in multiple languages). It includes most SQL:2008 data types, including INTEGER, NUMERIC, BOOLEAN, CHAR, VARCHAR, DATE, INTERVAL, and TIMESTAMP. It also supports storage of binary large objects, including pictures, sounds, or video. It has native programming interfaces for C/C++, Java, .Net, Perl, Python, Ruby, Tcl, ODBC, among others, and exceptional documentation.
The purpose of this list is to provide a listing of solutions available and commonly used by developers in the field in 2019 for back-end web development. I encourage everyone and anyone reading this list to also check out the site "https://github.com/kamranahmedse/developer-roadmap" as it has additional information on a logical order to run and use these apps as well as additional topics that are not software solutions, but concepts that are important to learn.
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